
Currently playing as part of the Bell Witch Fall Festival in Adams, Tennessee, David Alford’s SMOKE: A Ballad of the Night Riders, a bluegrass musical transports audiences to the Black Patch Tobacco Wars of the early 1900s, when farmers in northern Middle Tennessee and western Kentucky found themselves caught between collapsing tobacco prices, powerful corporate interests and increasingly desperate attempts to regain control of their livelihoods.
And while the story may be more than a century old, SMOKE feels anything but antiquated. Set between 1904 and 1908, SMOKE follows the Hartley family, a small farming family caught squarely in the middle of the Black Patch tobacco conflict. Falling tobacco prices had devastated farmers, while powerful tobacco buyers exerted enormous influence over the market. Farmers organized the Planters’ Protective Association in an effort to collectively withhold tobacco and force higher prices. As frustration mounted, the conflict increasingly turned toward intimidation and violence, giving rise to the masked Night Riders. Alford wisely doesn’t turn this into a dry history lesson. Instead, he gives us the aforementioned Hartleys…the acronym-appropriate Heart of this story.
Owen Hartley is a farmer, husband, father and veteran whose experiences in the Philippine-American War have left their own scars. Callie is his equally determined wife, while their young son, Owen Jr., or “Nub,” represents the future they’re desperately trying to protect.
The Night Riders, by name and appearance might initially be looked at as villains, but there’s so much more to them. Their anger grew from a very real economic crisis, but their methods became increasingly brutal. SMOKE understands that both things can be true. That’s what gives the story its moral complexity—and its modern relevance.
American farmers today aren’t facing masked riders on horseback, but questions surrounding corporate consolidation, market power, government agricultural policy and the ability of independent farmers to control their own economic futures remain very much alive.
SMOKE asks what happens when the people doing the work have less and less control over the marketplace. It doesn’t offer an easy answer, but it certainly gives the audience something to think about.
At the helm for this year’s presentation is director Galen Fott, who brings a wonderfully intimate understanding to the production. Having performed in six of the show’s previous 12 productions, Fott knows this material from the inside out and his careful direction reinforces this. His direction of Alfords beautifully crafted script keeps the historical backdrop from overwhelming the human story. The focus remains on a family being squeezed from every direction until every decision carries a consequence.

At the center of the production is Bradley D. Gale as Owen Hartley, who gives the show its emotional backbone. Gale finds the complicated balance between Owen’s toughness and vulnerability, particularly as his military past collides with the violence unfolding around him. His strongest moments come in the musical numbers. “Little Man” reveals Owen as a father rather than simply a farmer or veteran, while “Smoke” becomes an affecting exploration of his psychological scars. By the time Gale reaches “Little Patch of Dirt,” the farm has become more than property—it represents family, independence and the future he wants to leave his son.
As Callie Hartley, Cassie Donegan provides the production’s other essential half. Donegan brings warmth, intelligence and plenty of steel to Callie, a woman who refuses to simply stand on the sidelines while the men make decisions about her family’s future. Her own family connection to tobacco farming lends additional authenticity to the role. Her performance of “Take a Stand” captures Callie’s determination, while “Waltz With You,” performed with Gale, gives the couple a beautifully human moment of tenderness amid the surrounding turmoil.
Payton Justice as Callie’s younger brother Ned Munroe brings youthful conviction to the increasingly complicated conflict. Justice effectively portrays a young man who believes strongly in doing what is right while discovering that righteous intentions don’t always produce righteous outcomes. Early on in Act 1, his lead on “Moses of the Black Patch” sets the pace of the fight ahead.
And then there is Gunner Swanson as Owen Jr. “Nub.” Swanson’s young character is crucial precisely because he reminds us why all of this matters. Every argument over the farm, every act of resistance and every violent escalation ultimately affects the generation that comes next. Swanson brings the necessary innocence to Nub, giving the audience a tangible reminder of what is at stake. And yes, when the young actor gets his moment in the spotlight, the audience reaction is one of pure joy.
The thread connecting the personal drama to the larger historical elements is masterfully presented by Matthew Carlton’s Storyteller. As with any show in which he appears, Carlton’s presence assures those familiar with his work that they’re in for quite the performance. His Storyteller keeps the audience grounded in the broader story without turning the production into a some sort of yawn-fest history lesson. OK, OK, I admit it. History was never my strong suit, but with this cast and this story, it’s just as much an evocative tale as it is a tale of yesteryear as well as a bit of a cautionary tale of the plight of today’s agricultural foundation in homegrown products far beyond the scope of the tobacco industry.
Making his SMOKE debut is Austin Correll as Owen’s more successful, but equally headstrong brother Emmitt. Correll’s Act 2 “I Can’t Even Whisper Your Name”, which he performs while strumming acoustic guitar, reveals Emmitt’s fractured heart and softer side. Nick Spencer, seen early on Cash, a bit of a villainous businessman, with his booming voice and towering presence also nicely fits in to a later role of anti-hero as captain of the Night Riders. Rounding out the cast are Christopher Strand as Dr. David Amoss and Dustin Davis, Elaina Norton and Madelaine Aquaviva as Balladeers. Together, the ensemble make the history personal and perfectly present the struggles, shortcomings and hopeful survival through the drama of the tobacco wars.
The Bell Witch Fall Festival’s outdoor performance space is almost a character in itself and is impossibly well suited to SMOKE. The Tennessee landscape, the increasing darkness of the October evening as the sun sets, and, most importantly, the unmistakable scent of dark-fired tobacco wafting through the air from actual nearby tobacco barns all come together to create an atmosphere no conventional theatre could manufacture.
Aiding in the authentic feel, Gary C. Hoff’s set design, a relatively simple thatched backdrop with smoked tobacco leaves hanging to dry, complements rather than competes with that environment. Another exciting visual occurs midway through the story when factual details of the Night Riders’ raids come to life courtesy a bit of period-appropriate shadow theatre created by Bryan Hull, adding visual texture and help expand the storytelling beyond the physical confines of the stage.
Then there’s the always highly anticipated appearance of actual horses and riders courtesy of Mandie Neblett and family. When the Night Riders emerge, history suddenly feels much less like history and much more like something happening right in front of you. That’s outdoor theatre at its best.
Playwright David Alford, who also wrote the music and lyrics, has created a Broadway-worthy bluegrass score with a dark side. SMOKE wouldn’t be SMOKE without its music. Alford’s bluegrass score gives the production its distinctive identity, and the songs aren’t simply breaks between scenes—they advance the story and reveal the characters.
“Night Rider Theme” establishes the menace surrounding the masked riders, while “Simple Arithmetic” brings the economics of farming into the storytelling. “Moses of the Black Patch” expands the narrative into the mythology of the region, and “The Call” pushes the characters toward the conflict they can no longer avoid.
The quieter numbers are equally important. “I Can’t Even Whisper Your Name” and “Prodigal Sin” (Y’all!!! That title!!!) deepen the emotional landscape, while “Waltz With You” provides a welcome reminder that beneath the historical conflict are people who love one another.
By the time the production reaches “Smoke/The Call Reprise” and eventually the “Night Rider Reprise,” the musical themes have acquired an entirely different weight. That’s the mark of an effective score: the songs mean something different because of everything we’ve experienced between them.
And with a live band lead by Rocky Lane and featuring Nick Bryant on mandolin, Aaron Holman on 5-string, banjo & dobro, Reagan Brown on fiddle, Joe Hott on guitar, CR Melberg and Ernie Escalera on upright bass and percussionist Christopher Speich accompanying the action from just behind the actors on stage, the music feels organically connected to the Tennessee landscape it echoes.
What makes SMOKE: A Ballad of the Night Riders work is that it refuses to let the past remain safely in the past. Farmers were struggling. Powerful interests controlled the marketplace. Communities were divided. People were angry. Some organized, some resisted and some resorted to violence. Everyone eventually had to live with the consequences.
Those particular circumstances may have changed, but the underlying questions haven’t disappeared. Who gets to determine the value of a farmer’s labor? How much power should corporations have over the people who produce what we as a society need/want to sustain and enjoy our lives? And what happens when legitimate resistance becomes destructive? SMOKE doesn’t answer those questions for us. It makes us reflect on them them.
With Fott’s assured direction, strong performances from Gale, Donegan, Justice, Carlton and company, an atmospheric setting, thoughtful design and a bluegrass score that carries genuine dramatic weight, SMOKE succeeds as both theatre and storytelling. It is history with a heartbeat. It is bluegrass with some serious bite. And beneath all that smoke is a story about ordinary people fighting to hold on to their little patch of dirt while forces much larger than themselves threaten to take it away. Some things really don’t change all that much. And that’s precisely why SMOKE still has something to say.
SMOKE: A Ballad of the Night Riders presented as the opening event of this year’s annual installment of Bell Witch Festival continues with evening performances Thursday, October 8 thru Saturday, October 10. . Each evening the grounds at the Bell School Community Complex (7517 US-41 Adams, TN 37010) open at 6pm giving attendees the time and opportunity to peruse the grounds, the gift shop and vendors, including food trucks for a delicious meal before the at Kay Bagby Theatre and Brooksher Outdoor Pavilion seating opens at 7pm for the 7:30pm showtime. Grass Lawn tickets are $22.13 to 27.38. Seating at the covered pavilion range in price from $37.89 to $27.35 (prices include fees). CLICK HERE to purchase SMOKE tickets. For a preview of the music from SMOKE, give the original 2010 cast recording a listen on Spotify or Amazon.
Following SMOKE, the Bell Witch Fall Festival continues October 17 with Red River Tales & The Bell Witch Opry Revue. The afternoon celebration begins from 3:00–6:00 p.m. and features local blacksmiths, tobacco twisters, chandlers, broom makers and more, along with clogging, storytelling and music—all free to enjoy. Food will also be available for purchase from vendors on the Bell School grounds.
Then at 6:30 p.m., The Bell Witch Opry Revue makes its festival debut. Directed and arranged by Bel Stuart, the revue transports audiences into the world of a live radio program from days gone by. Tickets are $5 for Grass Lawn seating or $15-$20 for pavilion seating. CLICK HERE to reserve your FREE tickets for the afternoon fun and to purchase tickets to Red River Tales & The Bell Witch Opry Revue. Please Note: On the ticket grid, the red area can be selected for the FREE aspects of October 17 events, to purchase tickets for the Revue, please select either green (lawn ticket option) or reserved seating under the pavilion.
The Bell Witch Fall Festival then culminates October 22–31 with the annual presentation of David Alford’s spellbinding SPIRIT: The Authentic Story of the Bell Witch, presented on the hallowed grounds where the legendary Bell Witch is said to have roamed. Festival grounds open nightly at 6pm, with seating at 7pm and the show at 7:30pm, giving visitors time to explore vendors, grab dinner and settle in for an evening of history, entertainment and a little supernatural intrigue. SPIRIT tickets range in price from $27.38 to $43.14. CLICK HERE for tickets. For more information, call 615.696.1300 or visit bellwitchfallfestival.com. To keep up with all things Bell Witch Fall Festival, check them out on Facebook and Insta.
As always, if you wanna follow JHPEntertainment to find out who I’m chatting with for my next Rapid Fire Q&A, or for my take on the latest local and national theatre, music, arts and more, visit JHPENTERTAINMENT.com or find us on Facebook, Insta, Threads and X. Till then #GoSeeTheShow!

RAPID FIRE WITH JOHN PROCTOR IS THE VILLAIN‘s LUCAS CALHOUN
RAPID FIRE WITH JOHN PROCTOR IS THE VILLAIN‘s
RAPID FIRE WITH JOHN PROCTOR IS THE VILLAIN
And then there are the three people at the center of that world. DéYonté Jenkins, as Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde, takes on one of musical theatre’s great dual-role challenges and makes the transformation between the two personalities feel like an actual psychological unraveling rather than a theatrical gimmick. With the seemingly simple act of letting down his hair, increasing his audible breathing, snarling and yes, a bit of sweat and snotting, Jenkins transforms from Jekyll to Hyde in a scarily brilliant manner. Jekyll’s idealism, desperation and obsession gradually give way to Hyde’s darker liberation, and Jenkins makes that descent increasingly compelling. Again, the intimacy of this venue works with the show, not against it. Let’s not sleep on Jenkins’ vocals either. From Jekyll’s first musical number “Lost in the Darkness” to his final public transformation during “The Wedding”, whether as the meek and smooth as silk voiced Jekyll or the growling, guttural Hyde, Jenkins’ vocal control is enchanting. Those familiar with the musical can rest assured when Jenkins tackles “This is The Moment”, it’s not just a song title, it is the truth.
As Emma Carew, Dr. Henry Jekyll’s intended, Rebekah Joy brings an emotional strength to the production that keeps the character from becoming merely the devoted woman waiting for the troubled man she loves to come to his senses. There is genuine resilience beneath Emma’s affection, and Joy gives that emotional journey considerable weight. Vocally, Joy puts the opera in gothic opera. “Take Me As I Am”, Emma and Jekyll’s Act 1 duet showcases Joy’s control and power as a vocalist and as an actress. During this number you could have heard a pin drop in the sold out audience as Joy’s Emma hit that final note. Same goes for her Act 2 showstopper, “Once Upon a Dream”—goosebumps.
Then there is Francesca Noe as Lucy Harris, whose performance may be the production’s most heartbreaking. Noe gives Lucy vulnerability without ever making her fragile, allowing us to see a woman desperately searching for a way out of a world that has offered her precious few choices. Let’s face it, Lucy is the OG Pretty Woman, a hooker with a heart. Matching her co-stars note for note Noe’s vocal performance is gorgeous, but it is the emotional storytelling underneath those vocals that makes Lucy so affecting. From the rousing, rambunctious “Bring On the Men” to the Act 1 11 o’clock showstopper, “Someone Like You” Noe’s Lucy is stunningly captivating.
Skillfully aiding our lead as he navigates the uncertainty of his transformation is Elliott Robinson as Gabriel John Utterson, who initially serves up a bit of narrative exposition. Not gonna lie…knowing Robinson was among the cast was reason enough for me to check out this production. As he has done with any role he has taken on over the last two decades that he’s been a staple of area theatre, Robinson, simply by his presence, elevates the production. While this production doesn’t necessarily need any extra help in elevation, Robinson’s Utterson is the perfect unexpected ally to Jenkins’ troubled duality. Early on, Robinson’s Utterson joins the crowd for ‘Facade’ where he sings the telling line, “Each man you meet in the street isn’t one man, but two!” And how! It’s a simple phrase that could easily be lost if uttered by a lesser performer, but in Robinson’s capable hands, you’re like…Damn right.
From the spooky frothing magic potion that turns Jekyll to Hyde to those candles that light the lab and books that become almost unnoticeably more disheveled and chaotic as the transformations become more frequent and uncontrolled…it’s those little touches by the set, scenic and props crew that bring you in this gothic world, and keep you there. Oh, and be sure and take notice of the handbills, notices and posters pasted to the wall just to the right of the main stage. My companion for the evening and I had fun during intermission figuring out what classic London lore each one represented. Nice touch! There’s also a fun, albeit completely out of place nod to our own skyline mixed in amongst the 1880s London skyline.



RAPID FIRE WITH CLINT RANDOLPH, DENNIS DUPREE IN ROCK OF AGES

RAPID FIRE WITH SMOKE DIRECTOR GALEN FOTT


SMOKE: A Ballad of the Night Riders signifies the opening of this year’s annual installment of Bell Witch Festival with performances weekends Thursday October 1 thru Saturday, October 10. Specific show dates are October 1, 2, 3, 8, 9 & 10. Each evening the grounds at the Bell School Community Complex (7517 US-41 Adams, TN 37010) open at 6pm giving attendees the time and opportunity to peruse the grounds, the gift shop and vendors, including food trucks for a delicious meal before the at Kay Bagby Theatre and Brooksher Outdoor Pavilion seating opens at 7pm for the 7:30pm showtime. Grass Lawn tickets are $22.13 to 27.38. Seating at the covered pavilion range in price from $37.89 to $27.35 (prices include fees). 
That may be the greatest compliment I can give 
As Frankie Valli,
Peyton Schoenhofer
Harry Sperduto
Owen McCredie
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RAPID FIRE WITH COBY ORAM STARRING AS FRANKIE VALLI IN JERSEY BOYS
RAPID FIRE WITH PEYTON SCHOENHOFER STARRING AS BOB GAUDIO IN JERSEY BOYS
RAPID FIRE WITH HARRY SPERDUTO STARRING AS TOMMY DeVITO IN JERSEY BOYS
RAPID FIRE WITH OWEN McCREDIE STARRING AS NICK MASSI IN JERSEY BOYS
Electronika, who, in recent years has appeared in pretty much every drag-related production at Playhouse 615, proves effective as Angela Arden Sussman. Having been a fan favorite amongst Nashville’s drag community for nearly a quarter of a century (she knows I love her, it just reads cattier that way) whether she’s reading to kiddies at drag story hour–literacy…it’s SO controversial–hosting a charity event, lobbying for LGBTQIA+ rights, performing a drag show or appearing in a theatrical production, you know you’re gonna get a bit of the diva that is Veronika Electronika, especially if that’s how she’s credited in the playbill. Such is the case with Veronika as Angela. She’s larger than life, self-indulging, wickedly self-important, and thanks to Veronika’s own wardrobe doubling for Angela’s, dressed to the mother-fuckin’ nines–or at least sixes, because that’s how many wardrobe changes I counted, not including at least two outer layer discardings revealing more fashion underneath–while chewing on every inch of that decadent scenery. Yes, per Busch’s script you’ll find aspects of many a great diva including, but not limited to Bette Davis, Joan Crawford, and even Mama Rose, but make no mistake about it, it’s Music City diva Veronika Electronika who’s most present in this portrayal of Angela Arden Sussman.






RAPID FIRE WITH ALEX AND THE AFRONAUTS DIRECTOR JON ROYAL
RAPID FIRE WITH RAVEN BUNTYN, HARPER IN ALEX AND THE AFRONAUTS
RAPID FIRE WITH MAYA ANTOINETTE RILEY, PLAYWRIGHT OF ALEX AND THE AFRONAUTS